diff --git a/app/plugins/remark.ts b/app/plugins/remark.ts
index d22ce4a..a747285 100644
--- a/app/plugins/remark.ts
+++ b/app/plugins/remark.ts
@@ -10,37 +10,37 @@ import rehypeKatex from 'rehype-katex';
 function remarkSplitBlocks() {
     return (tree: any) => {
         visit(tree, 'paragraph', (node, index, parent) => {
+            if (parent == null || index == null) {
+                return;
+            }
+
             const breakIndex = node.children.findIndex((child: any) => child.type === 'break');
 
-            if (breakIndex !== -1) {
-                const beforeBreak = node.children.slice(0, breakIndex);
-                const afterBreak = node.children.slice(breakIndex + 1);
+            if (breakIndex === -1) {
+                return;
+            }
 
-                node.children = beforeBreak;
+            const beforeBreak = node.children.slice(0, breakIndex);
+            const afterBreak = node.children.slice(breakIndex + 1);
 
+            // Keep content before the break in the current paragraph.
+            node.children = beforeBreak;
+
+            // Insert content after the break as the next sibling of this
+            // paragraph in its actual parent (root, listItem, blockquote, etc.).
+            // Previously this only spliced into tree.children and dropped
+            // nested content when the parent wasn't a direct root child.
+            if (afterBreak.length > 0) {
                 const newParagraph = {
                     type: 'paragraph',
                     children: afterBreak,
                 };
 
-                let rootChildIndex = -1;
-                if (parent.type === 'root') {
-                    rootChildIndex = index!;
-                } else {
-                    rootChildIndex = tree.children.findIndex((child: any) =>
-                        child === parent || (child.children && child.children.includes(node))
-                    );
+                parent.children.splice(index + 1, 0, newParagraph);
 
-                    if (rootChildIndex === -1) {
-                        rootChildIndex = tree.children.indexOf(parent);
-                    }
-                }
-
-                if (rootChildIndex !== -1) {
-                    tree.children.splice(rootChildIndex + 1, 0, newParagraph);
-                }
-
-                return index! + 1;
+                // Continue at the newly inserted paragraph so further
+                // hard breaks inside it are split as well.
+                return index + 1;
             }
         });
     };
diff --git a/drizzle/migrations/20260719180000_timestamps-with-timezone/migration.sql b/drizzle/migrations/20260719180000_timestamps-with-timezone/migration.sql
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..b2f764a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/drizzle/migrations/20260719180000_timestamps-with-timezone/migration.sql
@@ -0,0 +1,58 @@
+-- Convert naive timestamps to timestamptz.
+-- Existing values were written as session-local wall clocks (via now()/defaultNow)
+-- or occasionally as UTC components (drizzle mapToDriverValue toISOString).
+-- Interpret stored values in the current session TimeZone so local wall-clock
+-- rows (the common path for messages) keep the same absolute instant.
+--
+-- Drizzle reads naive `timestamp` as UTC (textToDateWithTz), which shifted
+-- displayed times by the server offset (e.g. -5h in America/Chicago).
+
+ALTER TABLE "providers"
+    ALTER COLUMN "created_at" TYPE timestamptz USING "created_at" AT TIME ZONE current_setting('TimeZone'),
+    ALTER COLUMN "updated_at" TYPE timestamptz USING "updated_at" AT TIME ZONE current_setting('TimeZone');
+
+ALTER TABLE "models"
+    ALTER COLUMN "released_at" TYPE timestamptz USING "released_at" AT TIME ZONE current_setting('TimeZone');
+
+ALTER TABLE "agents"
+    ALTER COLUMN "created_at" TYPE timestamptz USING "created_at" AT TIME ZONE current_setting('TimeZone');
+
+ALTER TABLE "topics"
+    ALTER COLUMN "created_at" TYPE timestamptz USING "created_at" AT TIME ZONE current_setting('TimeZone');
+
+ALTER TABLE "messages"
+    ALTER COLUMN "created_at" TYPE timestamptz USING "created_at" AT TIME ZONE current_setting('TimeZone'),
+    ALTER COLUMN "updated_at" TYPE timestamptz USING "updated_at" AT TIME ZONE current_setting('TimeZone');
+
+ALTER TABLE "message_parts"
+    ALTER COLUMN "created_at" TYPE timestamptz USING "created_at" AT TIME ZONE current_setting('TimeZone'),
+    ALTER COLUMN "last_updated_at" TYPE timestamptz USING "last_updated_at" AT TIME ZONE current_setting('TimeZone');
+
+ALTER TABLE "tool_calls"
+    ALTER COLUMN "created_at" TYPE timestamptz USING "created_at" AT TIME ZONE current_setting('TimeZone');
+
+ALTER TABLE "files"
+    ALTER COLUMN "created_at" TYPE timestamptz USING "created_at" AT TIME ZONE current_setting('TimeZone');
+
+ALTER TABLE "attachments"
+    ALTER COLUMN "created_at" TYPE timestamptz USING "created_at" AT TIME ZONE current_setting('TimeZone');
+
+ALTER TABLE "users"
+    ALTER COLUMN "created_at" TYPE timestamptz USING "created_at" AT TIME ZONE current_setting('TimeZone'),
+    ALTER COLUMN "updated_at" TYPE timestamptz USING "updated_at" AT TIME ZONE current_setting('TimeZone');
+
+ALTER TABLE "sessions"
+    ALTER COLUMN "expires_at" TYPE timestamptz USING "expires_at" AT TIME ZONE current_setting('TimeZone'),
+    ALTER COLUMN "created_at" TYPE timestamptz USING "created_at" AT TIME ZONE current_setting('TimeZone'),
+    ALTER COLUMN "updated_at" TYPE timestamptz USING "updated_at" AT TIME ZONE current_setting('TimeZone');
+
+ALTER TABLE "accounts"
+    ALTER COLUMN "access_token_expires_at" TYPE timestamptz USING "access_token_expires_at" AT TIME ZONE current_setting('TimeZone'),
+    ALTER COLUMN "refresh_token_expires_at" TYPE timestamptz USING "refresh_token_expires_at" AT TIME ZONE current_setting('TimeZone'),
+    ALTER COLUMN "created_at" TYPE timestamptz USING "created_at" AT TIME ZONE current_setting('TimeZone'),
+    ALTER COLUMN "updated_at" TYPE timestamptz USING "updated_at" AT TIME ZONE current_setting('TimeZone');
+
+ALTER TABLE "verifications"
+    ALTER COLUMN "expires_at" TYPE timestamptz USING "expires_at" AT TIME ZONE current_setting('TimeZone'),
+    ALTER COLUMN "created_at" TYPE timestamptz USING "created_at" AT TIME ZONE current_setting('TimeZone'),
+    ALTER COLUMN "updated_at" TYPE timestamptz USING "updated_at" AT TIME ZONE current_setting('TimeZone');
diff --git a/drizzle/migrations/20260719180000_timestamps-with-timezone/snapshot.json b/drizzle/migrations/20260719180000_timestamps-with-timezone/snapshot.json
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..20a77ce
--- /dev/null
+++ b/drizzle/migrations/20260719180000_timestamps-with-timezone/snapshot.json
@@ -0,0 +1,2756 @@
+{
+  "id": "5d8d6933-f7ce-4ae6-8f9b-4bfb111b7cbe",
+  "prevIds": [
+    "86f4ad6f-b5a5-4a77-b733-661f9cfdf67d"
+  ],
+  "version": "8",
+  "dialect": "postgres",
+  "ddl": [
+    {
+      "values": [
+        "reasoning",
+        "text",
+        "tool-call",
+        "file"
+      ],
+      "name": "part_type",
+      "entityType": "enums",
+      "schema": "public"
+    },
+    {
+      "values": [
+        "user",
+        "assistant"
+      ],
+      "name": "role",
+      "entityType": "enums",
+      "schema": "public"
+    },
+    {
+      "values": [
+        "pending",
+        "completed",
+        "failed",
+        "cancelled"
+      ],
+      "name": "status",
+      "entityType": "enums",
+      "schema": "public"
+    },
+    {
+      "isRlsEnabled": false,
+      "name": "accounts",
+      "entityType": "tables",
+      "schema": "public"
+    },
+    {
+      "isRlsEnabled": false,
+      "name": "agents",
+      "entityType": "tables",
+      "schema": "public"
+    },
+    {
+      "isRlsEnabled": false,
+      "name": "attachments",
+      "entityType": "tables",
+      "schema": "public"
+    },
+    {
+      "isRlsEnabled": false,
+      "name": "embeddings",
+      "entityType": "tables",
+      "schema": "public"
+    },
+    {
+      "isRlsEnabled": false,
+      "name": "files",
+      "entityType": "tables",
+      "schema": "public"
+    },
+    {
+      "isRlsEnabled": false,
+      "name": "generations",
+      "entityType": "tables",
+      "schema": "public"
+    },
+    {
+      "isRlsEnabled": false,
+      "name": "message_parts",
+      "entityType": "tables",
+      "schema": "public"
+    },
+    {
+      "isRlsEnabled": false,
+      "name": "messages",
+      "entityType": "tables",
+      "schema": "public"
+    },
+    {
+      "isRlsEnabled": false,
+      "name": "models",
+      "entityType": "tables",
+      "schema": "public"
+    },
+    {
+      "isRlsEnabled": false,
+      "name": "providers",
+      "entityType": "tables",
+      "schema": "public"
+    },
+    {
+      "isRlsEnabled": false,
+      "name": "sessions",
+      "entityType": "tables",
+      "schema": "public"
+    },
+    {
+      "isRlsEnabled": false,
+      "name": "settings",
+      "entityType": "tables",
+      "schema": "public"
+    },
+    {
+      "isRlsEnabled": false,
+      "name": "tool_calls",
+      "entityType": "tables",
+      "schema": "public"
+    },
+    {
+      "isRlsEnabled": false,
+      "name": "topics",
+      "entityType": "tables",
+      "schema": "public"
+    },
+    {
+      "isRlsEnabled": false,
+      "name": "users",
+      "entityType": "tables",
+      "schema": "public"
+    },
+    {
+      "isRlsEnabled": false,
+      "name": "verifications",
+      "entityType": "tables",
+      "schema": "public"
+    },
+    {
+      "type": "text",
+      "typeSchema": null,
+      "notNull": true,
+      "dimensions": 0,
+      "default": null,
+      "generated": null,
+      "identity": null,
+      "name": "id",
+      "entityType": "columns",
+      "schema": "public",
+      "table": "accounts"
+    },
+    {
+      "type": "text",
+      "typeSchema": null,
+      "notNull": true,
+      "dimensions": 0,
+      "default": null,
+      "generated": null,
+      "identity": null,
+      "name": "account_id",
+      "entityType": "columns",
+      "schema": "public",
+      "table": "accounts"
+    },
+    {
+      "type": "text",
+      "typeSchema": null,
+      "notNull": true,
+      "dimensions": 0,
+      "default": null,
+      "generated": null,
+      "identity": null,
+      "name": "provider_id",
+      "entityType": "columns",
+      "schema": "public",
+      "table": "accounts"
+    },
+    {
+      "type": "text",
+      "typeSchema": null,
+      "notNull": true,
+      "dimensions": 0,
+      "default": null,
+      "generated": null,
+      "identity": null,
+      "name": "user_id",
+      "entityType": "columns",
+      "schema": "public",
+      "table": "accounts"
+    },
+    {
+      "type": "text",
+      "typeSchema": null,
+      "notNull": false,
+      "dimensions": 0,
+      "default": null,
+      "generated": null,
+      "identity": null,
+      "name": "access_token",
+      "entityType": "columns",
+      "schema": "public",
+      "table": "accounts"
+    },
+    {
+      "type": "text",
+      "typeSchema": null,
+      "notNull": false,
+      "dimensions": 0,
+      "default": null,
+      "generated": null,
+      "identity": null,
+      "name": "refresh_token",
+      "entityType": "columns",
+      "schema": "public",
+      "table": "accounts"
+    },
+    {
+      "type": "text",
+      "typeSchema": null,
+      "notNull": false,
+      "dimensions": 0,
+      "default": null,
+      "generated": null,
+      "identity": null,
+      "name": "id_token",
+      "entityType": "columns",
+      "schema": "public",
+      "table": "accounts"
+    },
+    {
+      "type": "timestamptz",
+      "typeSchema": null,
+      "notNull": false,
+      "dimensions": 0,
+      "default": null,
+      "generated": null,
+      "identity": null,
+      "name": "access_token_expires_at",
+      "entityType": "columns",
+      "schema": "public",
+      "table": "accounts"
+    },
+    {
+      "type": "timestamptz",
+      "typeSchema": null,
+      "notNull": false,
+      "dimensions": 0,
+      "default": null,
+      "generated": null,
+      "identity": null,
+      "name": "refresh_token_expires_at",
+      "entityType": "columns",
+      "schema": "public",
+      "table": "accounts"
+    },
+    {
+      "type": "text",
+      "typeSchema": null,
+      "notNull": false,
+      "dimensions": 0,
+      "default": null,
+      "generated": null,
+      "identity": null,
+      "name": "scope",
+      "entityType": "columns",
+      "schema": "public",
+      "table": "accounts"
+    },
+    {
+      "type": "text",
+      "typeSchema": null,
+      "notNull": false,
+      "dimensions": 0,
+      "default": null,
+      "generated": null,
+      "identity": null,
+      "name": "password",
+      "entityType": "columns",
+      "schema": "public",
+      "table": "accounts"
+    },
+    {
+      "type": "timestamptz",
+      "typeSchema": null,
+      "notNull": true,
+      "dimensions": 0,
+      "default": "now()",
+      "generated": null,
+      "identity": null,
+      "name": "created_at",
+      "entityType": "columns",
+      "schema": "public",
+      "table": "accounts"
+    },
+    {
+      "type": "timestamptz",
+      "typeSchema": null,
+      "notNull": true,
+      "dimensions": 0,
+      "default": null,
+      "generated": null,
+      "identity": null,
+      "name": "updated_at",
+      "entityType": "columns",
+      "schema": "public",
+      "table": "accounts"
+    },
+    {
+      "type": "text",
+      "typeSchema": null,
+      "notNull": true,
+      "dimensions": 0,
+      "default": null,
+      "generated": null,
+      "identity": null,
+      "name": "id",
+      "entityType": "columns",
+      "schema": "public",
+      "table": "agents"
+    },
+    {
+      "type": "text",
+      "typeSchema": null,
+      "notNull": true,
+      "dimensions": 0,
+      "default": null,
+      "generated": null,
+      "identity": null,
+      "name": "user_id",
+      "entityType": "columns",
+      "schema": "public",
+      "table": "agents"
+    },
+    {
+      "type": "text",
+      "typeSchema": null,
+      "notNull": true,
+      "dimensions": 0,
+      "default": null,
+      "generated": null,
+      "identity": null,
+      "name": "name",
+      "entityType": "columns",
+      "schema": "public",
+      "table": "agents"
+    },
+    {
+      "type": "text",
+      "typeSchema": null,
+      "notNull": false,
+      "dimensions": 0,
+      "default": null,
+      "generated": null,
+      "identity": null,
+      "name": "system_prompt",
+      "entityType": "columns",
+      "schema": "public",
+      "table": "agents"
+    },
+    {
+      "type": "text",
+      "typeSchema": null,
+      "notNull": false,
+      "dimensions": 0,
+      "default": null,
+      "generated": null,
+      "identity": null,
+      "name": "image_url",
+      "entityType": "columns",
+      "schema": "public",
+      "table": "agents"
+    },
+    {
+      "type": "text",
+      "typeSchema": null,
+      "notNull": false,
+      "dimensions": 0,
+      "default": null,
+      "generated": null,
+      "identity": null,
+      "name": "default_model_id",
+      "entityType": "columns",
+      "schema": "public",
+      "table": "agents"
+    },
+    {
+      "type": "jsonb",
+      "typeSchema": null,
+      "notNull": false,
+      "dimensions": 0,
+      "default": "'{}'",
+      "generated": null,
+      "identity": null,
+      "name": "config",
+      "entityType": "columns",
+      "schema": "public",
+      "table": "agents"
+    },
+    {
+      "type": "timestamptz",
+      "typeSchema": null,
+      "notNull": true,
+      "dimensions": 0,
+      "default": "now()",
+      "generated": null,
+      "identity": null,
+      "name": "created_at",
+      "entityType": "columns",
+      "schema": "public",
+      "table": "agents"
+    },
+    {
+      "type": "text",
+      "typeSchema": null,
+      "notNull": true,
+      "dimensions": 0,
+      "default": null,
+      "generated": null,
+      "identity": null,
+      "name": "id",
+      "entityType": "columns",
+      "schema": "public",
+      "table": "attachments"
+    },
+    {
+      "type": "text",
+      "typeSchema": null,
+      "notNull": true,
+      "dimensions": 0,
+      "default": null,
+      "generated": null,
+      "identity": null,
+      "name": "user_id",
+      "entityType": "columns",
+      "schema": "public",
+      "table": "attachments"
+    },
+    {
+      "type": "text",
+      "typeSchema": null,
+      "notNull": true,
+      "dimensions": 0,
+      "default": null,
+      "generated": null,
+      "identity": null,
+      "name": "topic_id",
+      "entityType": "columns",
+      "schema": "public",
+      "table": "attachments"
+    },
+    {
+      "type": "text",
+      "typeSchema": null,
+      "notNull": true,
+      "dimensions": 0,
+      "default": null,
+      "generated": null,
+      "identity": null,
+      "name": "message_id",
+      "entityType": "columns",
+      "schema": "public",
+      "table": "attachments"
+    },
+    {
+      "type": "text",
+      "typeSchema": null,
+      "notNull": true,
+      "dimensions": 0,
+      "default": null,
+      "generated": null,
+      "identity": null,
+      "name": "file_id",
+      "entityType": "columns",
+      "schema": "public",
+      "table": "attachments"
+    },
+    {
+      "type": "timestamptz",
+      "typeSchema": null,
+      "notNull": true,
+      "dimensions": 0,
+      "default": "now()",
+      "generated": null,
+      "identity": null,
+      "name": "created_at",
+      "entityType": "columns",
+      "schema": "public",
+      "table": "attachments"
+    },
+    {
+      "type": "text",
+      "typeSchema": null,
+      "notNull": true,
+      "dimensions": 0,
+      "default": null,
+      "generated": null,
+      "identity": null,
+      "name": "id",
+      "entityType": "columns",
+      "schema": "public",
+      "table": "embeddings"
+    },
+    {
+      "type": "text",
+      "typeSchema": null,
+      "notNull": true,
+      "dimensions": 0,
+      "default": null,
+      "generated": null,
+      "identity": null,
+      "name": "file_id",
+      "entityType": "columns",
+      "schema": "public",
+      "table": "embeddings"
+    },
+    {
+      "type": "text",
+      "typeSchema": null,
+      "notNull": true,
+      "dimensions": 0,
+      "default": null,
+      "generated": null,
+      "identity": null,
+      "name": "content",
+      "entityType": "columns",
+      "schema": "public",
+      "table": "embeddings"
+    },
+    {
+      "type": "vector(1536)",
+      "typeSchema": null,
+      "notNull": false,
+      "dimensions": 0,
+      "default": null,
+      "generated": null,
+      "identity": null,
+      "name": "embedding",
+      "entityType": "columns",
+      "schema": "public",
+      "table": "embeddings"
+    },
+    {
+      "type": "jsonb",
+      "typeSchema": null,
+      "notNull": false,
+      "dimensions": 0,
+      "default": null,
+      "generated": null,
+      "identity": null,
+      "name": "metadata",
+      "entityType": "columns",
+      "schema": "public",
+      "table": "embeddings"
+    },
+    {
+      "type": "text",
+      "typeSchema": null,
+      "notNull": true,
+      "dimensions": 0,
+      "default": null,
+      "generated": null,
+      "identity": null,
+      "name": "id",
+      "entityType": "columns",
+      "schema": "public",
+      "table": "files"
+    },
+    {
+      "type": "text",
+      "typeSchema": null,
+      "notNull": true,
+      "dimensions": 0,
+      "default": null,
+      "generated": null,
+      "identity": null,
+      "name": "user_id",
+      "entityType": "columns",
+      "schema": "public",
+      "table": "files"
+    },
+    {
+      "type": "text",
+      "typeSchema": null,
+      "notNull": true,
+      "dimensions": 0,
+      "default": null,
+      "generated": null,
+      "identity": null,
+      "name": "name",
+      "entityType": "columns",
+      "schema": "public",
+      "table": "files"
+    },
+    {
+      "type": "text",
+      "typeSchema": null,
+      "notNull": true,
+      "dimensions": 0,
+      "default": null,
+      "generated": null,
+      "identity": null,
+      "name": "mime_type",
+      "entityType": "columns",
+      "schema": "public",
+      "table": "files"
+    },
+    {
+      "type": "integer",
+      "typeSchema": null,
+      "notNull": true,
+      "dimensions": 0,
+      "default": "0",
+      "generated": null,
+      "identity": null,
+      "name": "size",
+      "entityType": "columns",
+      "schema": "public",
+      "table": "files"
+    },
+    {
+      "type": "text",
+      "typeSchema": null,
+      "notNull": true,
+      "dimensions": 0,
+      "default": null,
+      "generated": null,
+      "identity": null,
+      "name": "url",
+      "entityType": "columns",
+      "schema": "public",
+      "table": "files"
+    },
+    {
+      "type": "timestamptz",
+      "typeSchema": null,
+      "notNull": true,
+      "dimensions": 0,
+      "default": "now()",
+      "generated": null,
+      "identity": null,
+      "name": "created_at",
+      "entityType": "columns",
+      "schema": "public",
+      "table": "files"
+    },
+    {
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+      "onDelete": "CASCADE",
+      "name": "attachments_file_id_files_id_fkey",
+      "entityType": "fks",
+      "schema": "public",
+      "table": "attachments"
+    },
+    {
+      "nameExplicit": false,
+      "columns": [
+        "file_id"
+      ],
+      "schemaTo": "public",
+      "tableTo": "files",
+      "columnsTo": [
+        "id"
+      ],
+      "onUpdate": "NO ACTION",
+      "onDelete": "CASCADE",
+      "name": "embeddings_file_id_files_id_fkey",
+      "entityType": "fks",
+      "schema": "public",
+      "table": "embeddings"
+    },
+    {
+      "nameExplicit": false,
+      "columns": [
+        "topic_id"
+      ],
+      "schemaTo": "public",
+      "tableTo": "topics",
+      "columnsTo": [
+        "id"
+      ],
+      "onUpdate": "NO ACTION",
+      "onDelete": "CASCADE",
+      "name": "generations_topic_id_topics_id_fkey",
+      "entityType": "fks",
+      "schema": "public",
+      "table": "generations"
+    },
+    {
+      "nameExplicit": false,
+      "columns": [
+        "topic_id"
+      ],
+      "schemaTo": "public",
+      "tableTo": "topics",
+      "columnsTo": [
+        "id"
+      ],
+      "onUpdate": "NO ACTION",
+      "onDelete": "CASCADE",
+      "name": "message_parts_topic_id_topics_id_fkey",
+      "entityType": "fks",
+      "schema": "public",
+      "table": "message_parts"
+    },
+    {
+      "nameExplicit": false,
+      "columns": [
+        "message_id"
+      ],
+      "schemaTo": "public",
+      "tableTo": "messages",
+      "columnsTo": [
+        "id"
+      ],
+      "onUpdate": "NO ACTION",
+      "onDelete": "CASCADE",
+      "name": "message_parts_message_id_messages_id_fkey",
+      "entityType": "fks",
+      "schema": "public",
+      "table": "message_parts"
+    },
+    {
+      "nameExplicit": false,
+      "columns": [
+        "tool_call_id"
+      ],
+      "schemaTo": "public",
+      "tableTo": "tool_calls",
+      "columnsTo": [
+        "id"
+      ],
+      "onUpdate": "NO ACTION",
+      "onDelete": "CASCADE",
+      "name": "message_parts_tool_call_id_tool_calls_id_fkey",
+      "entityType": "fks",
+      "schema": "public",
+      "table": "message_parts"
+    },
+    {
+      "nameExplicit": false,
+      "columns": [
+        "topic_id"
+      ],
+      "schemaTo": "public",
+      "tableTo": "topics",
+      "columnsTo": [
+        "id"
+      ],
+      "onUpdate": "NO ACTION",
+      "onDelete": "CASCADE",
+      "name": "messages_topic_id_topics_id_fkey",
+      "entityType": "fks",
+      "schema": "public",
+      "table": "messages"
+    },
+    {
+      "nameExplicit": false,
+      "columns": [
+        "generation_id"
+      ],
+      "schemaTo": "public",
+      "tableTo": "generations",
+      "columnsTo": [
+        "id"
+      ],
+      "onUpdate": "NO ACTION",
+      "onDelete": "CASCADE",
+      "name": "messages_generation_id_generations_id_fkey",
+      "entityType": "fks",
+      "schema": "public",
+      "table": "messages"
+    },
+    {
+      "nameExplicit": false,
+      "columns": [
+        "provider_id"
+      ],
+      "schemaTo": "public",
+      "tableTo": "providers",
+      "columnsTo": [
+        "id"
+      ],
+      "onUpdate": "NO ACTION",
+      "onDelete": "CASCADE",
+      "name": "models_provider_id_providers_id_fkey",
+      "entityType": "fks",
+      "schema": "public",
+      "table": "models"
+    },
+    {
+      "nameExplicit": false,
+      "columns": [
+        "user_id"
+      ],
+      "schemaTo": "public",
+      "tableTo": "users",
+      "columnsTo": [
+        "id"
+      ],
+      "onUpdate": "NO ACTION",
+      "onDelete": "CASCADE",
+      "name": "sessions_user_id_users_id_fkey",
+      "entityType": "fks",
+      "schema": "public",
+      "table": "sessions"
+    },
+    {
+      "nameExplicit": false,
+      "columns": [
+        "agent_id"
+      ],
+      "schemaTo": "public",
+      "tableTo": "agents",
+      "columnsTo": [
+        "id"
+      ],
+      "onUpdate": "NO ACTION",
+      "onDelete": "CASCADE",
+      "name": "topics_agent_id_agents_id_fkey",
+      "entityType": "fks",
+      "schema": "public",
+      "table": "topics"
+    },
+    {
+      "columns": [
+        "id"
+      ],
+      "nameExplicit": false,
+      "name": "accounts_pkey",
+      "schema": "public",
+      "table": "accounts",
+      "entityType": "pks"
+    },
+    {
+      "columns": [
+        "id"
+      ],
+      "nameExplicit": false,
+      "name": "agents_pkey",
+      "schema": "public",
+      "table": "agents",
+      "entityType": "pks"
+    },
+    {
+      "columns": [
+        "id"
+      ],
+      "nameExplicit": false,
+      "name": "attachments_pkey",
+      "schema": "public",
+      "table": "attachments",
+      "entityType": "pks"
+    },
+    {
+      "columns": [
+        "id"
+      ],
+      "nameExplicit": false,
+      "name": "embeddings_pkey",
+      "schema": "public",
+      "table": "embeddings",
+      "entityType": "pks"
+    },
+    {
+      "columns": [
+        "id"
+      ],
+      "nameExplicit": false,
+      "name": "files_pkey",
+      "schema": "public",
+      "table": "files",
+      "entityType": "pks"
+    },
+    {
+      "columns": [
+        "id"
+      ],
+      "nameExplicit": false,
+      "name": "generations_pkey",
+      "schema": "public",
+      "table": "generations",
+      "entityType": "pks"
+    },
+    {
+      "columns": [
+        "id"
+      ],
+      "nameExplicit": false,
+      "name": "message_parts_pkey",
+      "schema": "public",
+      "table": "message_parts",
+      "entityType": "pks"
+    },
+    {
+      "columns": [
+        "id"
+      ],
+      "nameExplicit": false,
+      "name": "messages_pkey",
+      "schema": "public",
+      "table": "messages",
+      "entityType": "pks"
+    },
+    {
+      "columns": [
+        "id"
+      ],
+      "nameExplicit": false,
+      "name": "models_pkey",
+      "schema": "public",
+      "table": "models",
+      "entityType": "pks"
+    },
+    {
+      "columns": [
+        "id"
+      ],
+      "nameExplicit": false,
+      "name": "providers_pkey",
+      "schema": "public",
+      "table": "providers",
+      "entityType": "pks"
+    },
+    {
+      "columns": [
+        "id"
+      ],
+      "nameExplicit": false,
+      "name": "sessions_pkey",
+      "schema": "public",
+      "table": "sessions",
+      "entityType": "pks"
+    },
+    {
+      "columns": [
+        "id"
+      ],
+      "nameExplicit": false,
+      "name": "settings_pkey",
+      "schema": "public",
+      "table": "settings",
+      "entityType": "pks"
+    },
+    {
+      "columns": [
+        "id"
+      ],
+      "nameExplicit": false,
+      "name": "tool_calls_pkey",
+      "schema": "public",
+      "table": "tool_calls",
+      "entityType": "pks"
+    },
+    {
+      "columns": [
+        "id"
+      ],
+      "nameExplicit": false,
+      "name": "topics_pkey",
+      "schema": "public",
+      "table": "topics",
+      "entityType": "pks"
+    },
+    {
+      "columns": [
+        "id"
+      ],
+      "nameExplicit": false,
+      "name": "users_pkey",
+      "schema": "public",
+      "table": "users",
+      "entityType": "pks"
+    },
+    {
+      "columns": [
+        "id"
+      ],
+      "nameExplicit": false,
+      "name": "verifications_pkey",
+      "schema": "public",
+      "table": "verifications",
+      "entityType": "pks"
+    },
+    {
+      "nameExplicit": false,
+      "columns": [
+        "token"
+      ],
+      "nullsNotDistinct": false,
+      "name": "sessions_token_key",
+      "schema": "public",
+      "table": "sessions",
+      "entityType": "uniques"
+    },
+    {
+      "nameExplicit": false,
+      "columns": [
+        "email"
+      ],
+      "nullsNotDistinct": false,
+      "name": "users_email_key",
+      "schema": "public",
+      "table": "users",
+      "entityType": "uniques"
+    }
+  ],
+  "renames": []
+}
diff --git a/drizzle/schema.ts b/drizzle/schema.ts
index ecd6d5c..33edae8 100644
--- a/drizzle/schema.ts
+++ b/drizzle/schema.ts
@@ -11,6 +11,11 @@ import {
 } from 'drizzle-orm/pg-core';
 import { nanoid } from 'nanoid';
 
+// Always use timestamptz. Drizzle treats naive `timestamp` values as UTC on read
+// (via textToDateWithTz), which shifts displayed times by the server offset
+// (e.g. -5h in America/Chicago).
+const timestamptz = (name: string) => timestamp(name, { withTimezone: true });
+
 export const roleEnum = pgEnum('role', ['user', 'assistant']);
 export const partTypeEnum = pgEnum('part_type', ['reasoning', 'text', 'tool-call', 'file']);
 export const statusEnum = pgEnum('status', ['pending', 'completed', 'failed', 'cancelled']);
@@ -54,8 +59,8 @@ export const providers = pgTable('providers', {
         apiKey?: string;
         apiProxyUrl?: string;
     }>().default({}),
-    createdAt: timestamp('created_at').notNull().defaultNow(),
-    updatedAt: timestamp('updated_at').notNull().defaultNow().$onUpdate(() => /* @__PURE__ */ new Date()),
+    createdAt: timestamptz('created_at').notNull().defaultNow(),
+    updatedAt: timestamptz('updated_at').notNull().defaultNow().$onUpdate(() => /* @__PURE__ */ new Date()),
 }, (table) => [
     index('providers_userId_idx').on(table.userId),
 ]);
@@ -89,7 +94,7 @@ export const models = pgTable('models', {
     supportedParameters: text('supported_parameters').array(),
     isCustom: boolean('is_custom').notNull().default(false),
     enabled: boolean('enabled').notNull().default(true),
-    releasedAt: timestamp('released_at'),
+    releasedAt: timestamptz('released_at'),
 }, (table) => [
     index('models_providerId_idx').on(table.providerId),
     index('models_userId_idx').on(table.userId),
@@ -109,7 +114,7 @@ export const agents = pgTable('agents', {
             maxResults: number;
         }
     }>().default({}),
-    createdAt: timestamp('created_at').notNull().defaultNow(),
+    createdAt: timestamptz('created_at').notNull().defaultNow(),
 }, (table) => [
     index('agents_userId_idx').on(table.userId),
 ]);
@@ -120,7 +125,7 @@ export const topics = pgTable('topics', {
     agentId: text('agent_id').notNull().references(() => agents.id, { onDelete: 'cascade' }),
     name: text('name').notNull(),
     renaming: boolean('renaming').default(false),
-    createdAt: timestamp('created_at').notNull().defaultNow(),
+    createdAt: timestamptz('created_at').notNull().defaultNow(),
 }, (table) => [
     index('topics_agentId_idx').on(table.agentId),
     index('topics_userId_idx').on(table.userId),
@@ -136,8 +141,8 @@ export const messages = pgTable('messages', {
     content: text('content'),
     activeChildId: text('active_child_id'),
     deleted: boolean('deleted').default(false),
-    updatedAt: timestamp('updated_at').notNull().defaultNow().$onUpdate(() => /* @__PURE__ */ new Date()),
-    createdAt: timestamp('created_at').notNull().defaultNow(),
+    updatedAt: timestamptz('updated_at').notNull().defaultNow().$onUpdate(() => /* @__PURE__ */ new Date()),
+    createdAt: timestamptz('created_at').notNull().defaultNow(),
 }, (table) => [
     index('messages_topicId_idx').on(table.topicId),
     index('messages_parentMessageId_idx').on(table.parentMessageId),
@@ -154,8 +159,8 @@ export const messageParts = pgTable('message_parts', {
     content: text('content'),
     providerOptions: jsonb('provider_options'),
     finished: boolean('finished').notNull().default(false),
-    createdAt: timestamp('created_at').notNull().defaultNow(),
-    lastUpdatedAt: timestamp('last_updated_at').notNull().defaultNow().$onUpdate(() => /* @__PURE__ */ new Date()),
+    createdAt: timestamptz('created_at').notNull().defaultNow(),
+    lastUpdatedAt: timestamptz('last_updated_at').notNull().defaultNow().$onUpdate(() => /* @__PURE__ */ new Date()),
 }, (table) => [
     index('message_parts_topicId_idx').on(table.topicId),
     index('message_parts_messageId_idx').on(table.messageId),
@@ -179,7 +184,7 @@ export const toolCalls = pgTable('tool_calls', {
         type: ToolCallType;
         value: string;
     }>(),
-    createdAt: timestamp('created_at').notNull().defaultNow(),
+    createdAt: timestamptz('created_at').notNull().defaultNow(),
 }, (table) => [
     index('tool_calls_userId_idx').on(table.userId),
 ]);
@@ -214,7 +219,7 @@ export const files = pgTable('files', {
     mimeType: text('mime_type').notNull(),
     size: integer('size').notNull().default(0),
     url: text('url').notNull(),
-    createdAt: timestamp('created_at').notNull().defaultNow(),
+    createdAt: timestamptz('created_at').notNull().defaultNow(),
 }, (table) => [
     index('files_userId_idx').on(table.userId),
 ]);
@@ -235,7 +240,7 @@ export const attachments = pgTable('attachments', {
     topicId: text('topic_id').notNull().references(() => topics.id, { onDelete: 'cascade' }),
     messageId: text('message_id').notNull().references(() => messages.id, { onDelete: 'cascade' }),
     fileId: text('file_id').notNull().references(() => files.id, { onDelete: 'cascade' }),
-    createdAt: timestamp('created_at').notNull().defaultNow(),
+    createdAt: timestamptz('created_at').notNull().defaultNow(),
 }, (table) => [
     index('attachments_topicId_idx').on(table.topicId),
     index('attachments_messageId_idx').on(table.messageId),
@@ -248,8 +253,8 @@ export const users = pgTable("users", {
     email: text("email").notNull().unique(),
     emailVerified: boolean("email_verified").default(false).notNull(),
     image: text("image"),
-    createdAt: timestamp("created_at").defaultNow().notNull(),
-    updatedAt: timestamp("updated_at")
+    createdAt: timestamptz("created_at").defaultNow().notNull(),
+    updatedAt: timestamptz("updated_at")
         .defaultNow()
         .$onUpdate(() => /* @__PURE__ */ new Date())
         .notNull(),
@@ -259,10 +264,10 @@ export const sessions = pgTable(
     "sessions",
     {
         id: text("id").primaryKey(),
-        expiresAt: timestamp("expires_at").notNull(),
+        expiresAt: timestamptz("expires_at").notNull(),
         token: text("token").notNull().unique(),
-        createdAt: timestamp("created_at").defaultNow().notNull(),
-        updatedAt: timestamp("updated_at")
+        createdAt: timestamptz("created_at").defaultNow().notNull(),
+        updatedAt: timestamptz("updated_at")
             .$onUpdate(() => /* @__PURE__ */ new Date())
             .notNull(),
         ipAddress: text("ip_address"),
@@ -286,12 +291,12 @@ export const accounts = pgTable(
         accessToken: text("access_token"),
         refreshToken: text("refresh_token"),
         idToken: text("id_token"),
-        accessTokenExpiresAt: timestamp("access_token_expires_at"),
-        refreshTokenExpiresAt: timestamp("refresh_token_expires_at"),
+        accessTokenExpiresAt: timestamptz("access_token_expires_at"),
+        refreshTokenExpiresAt: timestamptz("refresh_token_expires_at"),
         scope: text("scope"),
         password: text("password"),
-        createdAt: timestamp("created_at").defaultNow().notNull(),
-        updatedAt: timestamp("updated_at")
+        createdAt: timestamptz("created_at").defaultNow().notNull(),
+        updatedAt: timestamptz("updated_at")
             .$onUpdate(() => /* @__PURE__ */ new Date())
             .notNull(),
     },
@@ -304,9 +309,9 @@ export const verifications = pgTable(
         id: text("id").primaryKey(),
         identifier: text("identifier").notNull(),
         value: text("value").notNull(),
-        expiresAt: timestamp("expires_at").notNull(),
-        createdAt: timestamp("created_at").defaultNow().notNull(),
-        updatedAt: timestamp("updated_at")
+        expiresAt: timestamptz("expires_at").notNull(),
+        createdAt: timestamptz("created_at").defaultNow().notNull(),
+        updatedAt: timestamptz("updated_at")
             .defaultNow()
             .$onUpdate(() => /* @__PURE__ */ new Date())
             .notNull(),